Trust Your Gut – When to Speak to a Doctor About Your Bowels

1 in 100 Americans live with the invisible symptoms of Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a broad term that describes conditions characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Although Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are not the only types of inflammatory bowel diseases, they are by far the two most common. Each year during the first 7 days of December, we celebrate Crohn’s and Colitis Awareness Week to help make #IBDVisible.

It’s easy to get irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mixed up. Both are chronic conditions, and both cause abdominal pains, cramping, and chronic bowel movements. Despite having similar symptoms, these two conditions are very different.

IBS is a disorder of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It causes abdominal pain, cramping, and changes in bowel habits, however, there is no inflammation or physical damage to the bowels. IBD also causes the above symptoms, but there is inflammation or destruction of the bowel wall, which can lead to sores and narrowing of the intestines. It’s possible to have both IBD and IBS, and both IBS and IBD can significantly impact a person’s quality of life.

While many individuals try to manage their symptoms alone through dietary adjustments and lifestyle changes, seeking medical advice is necessary, especially when it comes to receiving an actual diagnosis. Treatments for IBS and IBD are different, so it is important to distinguish between the two. Ignoring symptoms can also hinder treatment and even worsen the condition.

Recognizing Symptoms of IBD and IBS

Before determining when to see a doctor, it’s important to recognize the common symptoms. These may include:

1. Abdominal discomfort or pain, often relieved by bowel movements
2. Bloating and gas
3. Diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between the two
4. Mucus or blood in the stool
5. Feelings of incomplete bowel movements
6. Fever (more common in IBD)
7. Weight loss (more common in IBD)
8. Anemia

When to Seek Medical Help

The above symptoms can vary in intensity and frequency, which can make self-managing them challenging. Knowing when it’s time to consult a healthcare professional is essential for appropriate care.

1. Severe or Persistent Symptoms – If you experience severe abdominal pain that doesn’t improve with self-care strategies or persists over time, it’s crucial to consult a doctor.
2. A Sudden Change in Bowel Habits – A sudden change in the frequency or consistency of your bowel movements (particularly if it lasts more than a few weeks), requires medical attention.
3. Unexplained Weight Loss – Weight loss without trying can be concerning, especially if accompanied by other gastrointestinal symptoms. This could indicate malabsorption issues or other underlying health conditions that need addressing.
4. Blood in Stool – Finding blood in your stool is never normal. Whether it’s bright red or dark, seek medical advice immediately. Blood in the stool can signal more serious issues like colorectal cancer, and timely evaluation can make a significant difference in outcomes.
5. Anemia and Fatigue – If you are experiencing symptoms of anemia, like fatigue, weakness, or pale skin, it’s important to seek medical evaluation. Anemia in conjunction with gastrointestinal problems can indicate bleeding or malnutrition that requires medical attention.
6. Fever – If you develop a fever along with gastrointestinal symptoms, this might indicate an infection or a more serious condition that requires medical attention. Fever is generally a sign that the body is fighting an infection, and it should never be ignored.
7. New Onset of Symptoms – If you experience new gastrointestinal symptoms, consult a doctor. Changes in bowel habits or the emergence of abdominal pain can raise concerns about colorectal cancer and should be evaluated thoroughly.
8. Mental Health Effects – IBS and IBD can greatly affect mental health, leading to anxiety and depression. If you find that your symptoms are causing significant emotional distress or affecting your daily life, it’s essential to speak with a healthcare professional. They can recommend strategies to manage both the physical symptoms and the emotional components of living with a chronic condition.

Preparing for Your Doctor’s Appointment

If you decide to see a doctor, preparation is key to making the most of your visit. Here are some tips:

1. Keep a Symptom Diary – Tracking when your symptoms occur, their intensity, your diet, and any triggers can provide your doctor with valuable insights.
2. List Medications and Supplements – Bring a list of any medications or supplements you take, as these could influence your symptoms or interact with treatments.
3. Be Honest – Discuss all of your symptoms openly, including those that may feel unrelated, as they may provide crucial diagnostic clues.

Dealing with IBS and IBD can be challenging, and while many times symptoms can be managed effectively at home, it’s important to be vigilant. Knowing when to seek medical advice can help you prevent complications, rule out serious conditions, and ultimately improve your quality of life. Don’t hesitate to reach out to a healthcare professional if you have concerns about your symptoms or their impact on your well-being. Remember, you are not alone, and support is available.